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SPLINTERS

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

SPLINTERS WHAT TO DO Sterilise a pair of tweezers by boiling them in water for 10 minutes Wash the skin around the injury carefully with warm, soapy water. Make sure that you wipe outwards from the wound. Dry the skin carefully. Using tweezers pull the splinter out. {backbutton}

BURNS AND SCALDS

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

BURNS AND SCALDS MINOR BURNS AND SCALDS If a burn or scald damages only the superficial layer of the skin over a small area, it can be treated at home. WHAT TO DO Superficial burns are very painful. If possible submerge the area in cold water for at least ten minutes, or until the pain stops. If the blisters form, do not break them. If a blister is likely to be rubbed bt clothing, cover it with a padded dressing. SEVERE BURNS Severe burns

SUNBURN

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

SUNBURN Causes Over exposure to the rays of the sun. People who have fair skins are much likely to get sun burnt. Photosynthesis due to certain medication and drugs. WHAT TO DO Avoid further exposure to the sun. Apply sunscreens and sun blocks. Avoid being outdoors between 12h00 and 14h00. WHEN TO CALL A DOCTOR If the sunburn is very severe and distressing If there is a headache, nausea and fever. {module go to

CHOCKING

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

CHOCKING Obstruction of an airway by an object e.g. a toy or a piece of food is an emergency. WHAT TO DO If a conscious person cannot speak, cough or breathe: Stand behind him and give several thumps with the hill of your hand between the shoulder blades. If this does not help, wrap your arms around the person’s waist just below the ribs. Make a fist with one hand and grasp it with the other hand. Press into the abdomen below the breastbone with a quick and forceful thrust

CONCUSSION

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

CONCUSSION Concussion results from a disturbance of the functioning of the brain following a knock on the head or jaw. Signs Unconsciousness, sometimes only momentarily Pallor Cold clammy skin Shallow breathing Weak, but rapid pulse Nausea and vomiting Short-term memory loss There may be a delayed reaction, and symptoms may only appear later-usually within 24 hours. WHAT TO DO Urgent medical attention is needed. To avoid headaches which follow concussion, bed rest often for several days, is necessary.

CONVULSIONS

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

CONVULSIONS Sings Falling Drooling or frothing Stiffening, jerking or twitching Noisy respirations Loss of bowel or bladder control WHAT TO DO Turn the patient on his side so that the tongue comes forward and the airway is clear. Do not attempt to restrain limb movements. Ensure that the patient do not hurt himself by protecting hi from environmental injury. When the convulsions cease, place the patient in a recovery position Stay with the patient until you are sure the recovery is complete.

EYE INJURY

Staff WriterJanuary 18, 2011 August 6, 2020 First Aid

EYE INJURY FOREIGN BODY IN THE EYE WHAT TO DO If the object is on the eye or is sharp, do not try to remove it. Cover it and see a doctor. If the object is loose under the lid, pull down the lid and, if you can see the object, try to remove it with the moistened corner of a soft handkerchief. If the object is under the upper lid, look down and then pull the upper lid down over the lower lid to remove the object. If the pain